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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(1): 220-227, feb. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385568

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las posibles relaciones entre diferentes aspectos de puntuación del ejercicio en competición y características antropométricas en un grupo de adolescentes de GA de la élite nacional en función de dos categorías diferentes. Estudio descriptivo y de corte transversal. La muestra ha estado compuesta por 39 adolescentes entre 11 y 19 años (14,9±2,39), de las categorías junior y senior. Se aplicó un cuestionario elaborado ad hoc donde se pedían datos sociodemográficos y deportivos, junto a la toma de medidas antropométricas peso, altura, perímetro de cintura y pliegues cutáneos tricipital, bicipital, suprailiaco, supraespinoso y el de la pantorrilla. Se encontraron asociaciones significativas entre el % de GC (suma del pliegue del tríceps y subescapular) con la nota de dificultad del ejercicio de EQ y COMB y de forma más moderada con la nota de dificultad y final del ejercicio DIN. Igualmente, el % de GC con la suma de los dos pliegues tricipital y el de la pantorrilla, demostró una asociación moderada con la nota final del ejercicio DIN y la nota de dificultad del ejercicio de EQ, así como la nota de dificultad del ejercicio DIN. Los portores presentan mayores valores en todas las medidas antropométricas frente a los ágiles; en cuanto al rendimiento, es superior en la categoría senior, obteniendo mejores puntuaciones en todas las variables analizadas y por último, existe asociación negativa entre el % GC y la puntuación en las notas de dificultad de todos los ejercicios, así como en la nota final del ejercicio DIN.


SUMMARY: The aim of this study was to analyse the possible relationships between different aspects of exercise score in competition and anthropometric characteristics in a group of national elite AG adolescents according to two different categories. Descriptive and cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 39 adolescents aged between 11 and 19 years (14,9±2,39), from the junior and senior categories. An ad hoc questionnaire was administered asking for socio-demographic and sporting data, together with anthropometric measurements of weight, height, waist circumference and tricipital, bicipital, suprailiac, supraspinatus, supraspinatus and calf skinfolds. Significant associations were found between the % BF (sum of triceps and subscapularis skinfold) with the BAL and COMB exercise difficulty score and more moderately with the DYN exercise difficulty and end score. Similarly, the % of BF with the sum of the two tricipital and calf creases showed a moderate association with the final grade of the DYN exercise and the difficulty grade of the BAL exercise, as well as the difficulty grade of the DYN exercise. The bases present higher values in all anthropometric measures compared to the agile; in terms of performance, it is higher in the senior category, obtaining better scores in all the variables analysed and finally, there is a negative association between the % BF and the score in the difficulty grades of all the exercises, as well as in the final grade of the DYN exercise.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Body Composition , Athletic Performance , Gymnastics , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies
2.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 26(supl.3): 5215-5222, Oct. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1345724

ABSTRACT

Resumen Los trastornos del cuello-hombro relacionados con el trabajo son un importante problema de salud. El objetivo de este estudio es establecer el patrón de dolor y discapacidad cervical de trabajadores con pantallas de visualización de datos, así como determinar los factores que predominan en la aparición de un nuevo episodio de dolor de espalda. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo-correlacional, en una muestra de 88 trabajadores usuarios de ordenadores de la Consellería de Sanidade (Xunta de Galicia). Los trabajadores respondieron los cuestionarios: "Neck Disability Index", "Escala analógica visual", "12-item Short Form Health Survey" y se realizó un análisis postural. Para el análisis comparativo se realizaron las pruebas T Student y U de Mann-Whitney. Un análisis de regresión logística binaria se utilizó para la extracción de un modelo predictivo de episodio de dolor cervical. El 58% refirieron dolor cervical. No existieron diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres. Las variables que mejor predicen la aparición de un nuevo episodio de dolor son el nivel de discapacidad y la calidad de vida física. Los resultados indican que un trabajador con altos niveles de discapacidad cervical y bajos valores de calidad de vida física, tiene mayor probabilidad de sufrir un episodio de dolor.


Abstract Work-related neck/shoulder disorders are considered an important health issue. This study is aimed at establishing the pain and cervical disability patterns of workers with visual display terminals, as well as at determining the factors that mostly affect the onset of a new episode of back pain. A descriptive, correlational study was carried out on a sample of 88 workers who use visual display terminals, of the Ministry of Health (Xunta de Galicia). The workers completed the following questionnaires: "Neck Disability Index Scale," "Visual Analog Scale," "12-item Short Form Health Survey," and an individual postural analysis was conducted. For the comparative analysis, the Student's t-test, and the Mann-Whitney U test were performed. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to extract a predictive model of a cervical pain episode, and 58% reported cervical pain. There were no differences between men and women. The variables that best predict the onset of a new episode of pain are the level of disability, and the quality of physical life. Study results indicate that a worker who uses visual display terminals, with high levels of cervical disability and low values of physical quality of life, is more likely to suffer an episode of back pain.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Quality of Life , Data Visualization , Pain Measurement , Neck Pain , Disability Evaluation
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 37(4): 1534-1540, Dec. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1040166

ABSTRACT

Las diferencias de sexo es un aspecto muy presente en el mundo laboral y deportivo. Esto se traduce en la diferenciación de actividades deportivas, determinadas como masculinas o femeninas. De ahí que el objetivo del estudio fue analizar el nivel de participación y características morfológicas en gimnastas de acrobática y ver las diferencias en relación al sexo y rol: portor y ágil. Se analizó la participación en los Campeonatos de España entre 2011 y 2018, y se comparó medidas antropométricas, composición corporal y de proporcionalidad, en función del rol de actuación y sexo. El Comité Autonómico de Ética de Investigación de la Xunta de Galicia (España) aprobó la metodología de trabajo. Los resultados mostraron un porcentaje mucho mayor de participación en función del sexo a favor del sexo femenino en todos los campeonatos analizados. Sin embargo, el peso, índice de masa corporal y el porcentaje muscular no fueron diferentes entre sexos en ninguno de los dos roles. De las 62 variables morfológicas evaluadas, existe un mayor predominio de las diferencias en los portores que en los ágiles en relación al sexo, destacando el porcentaje de grasa.


Sex differences are a very present aspect in the world of work and sports. This translates into the differentiation of sports activities, determined as masculine or feminine. Hence, the aim of the study was to analyze the level of participation and morphological characteristics in acrobatic gymnasts and to see the differences in relation to sex and role: Base and top. Participation in the Spanish Championships between 2011 and 2018 was analyzed, and anthropometric measures, body composition and proportionality were compared, depending on the role of performance and sex. The Autonomous Committee of Research Ethics of the Xunta de Galicia (Spain) approved the work methodology. The results showed a much higher percentage of participation according to sex in favor of the female sex in all the analyzed championships. However, the weight, body mass index and muscle percentage were not different between sexes in either of the two roles. Of the 62 morphological variables evaluated, there is a greater predominance of differences in the bases than in the tops ones in relation to sex, highlighting the percentage of fat.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Body Composition , Sex Factors , Gymnastics/physiology , Skinfold Thickness , Somatotypes , Spain , Anthropometry
4.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 21(5): 400-402, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-764647

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACTIntroduction:Aerobic gymnastics, since its membership in the International Gymnastics Federation, has undergone changes in its regulations.Objective:To analyze the injuries found in Spanish aerobic gymnastics athletes during different editions of the Code of Points.Methods:A descriptive, longitudinal and compara-tive study was carried out on the epidemiology of injuries in aerobic gymnastics published during different editions of the Code of Points.Results:It highlights that the number of injuries decreased from 156 to 38 last year. This decline has been related to the restriction on the number of difficulties in the exercise and the number of elements to be performed on the floor. However, they have increased the number and value of the difficulties.Conclusions:Therefore, it is concluded that the changes made in the regulations are intended to safeguard the health of athletes and ensure that competition develops at its best artistic and technical aspect.


RESUMOIntrodução:A ginástica aeróbica, desde sua adesão à Federação Internacional de Ginástica, passou por mudanças em seus regulamentos.Objetivo:Analisar as lesões encontradas nos atletas espanhóis de ginástica aeróbica durante as diferentes edições do Código de Pontos.Métodos:Realizou-se um estudo descritivo, longitudinal e comparativo sobre a epidemiologia de lesões na ginástica aeróbica publicado durante as diferentes edições do Código de Pontos.ResultadosSalienta-se que o número de lesões diminuiu de 156 para 38 no ano passado. Este declínio tem sido relacionado com a limitação do número de dificuldades no exercício e o número de elementos a serem feitos no solo. No entanto, eles aumentaram o número e valor das dificuldades.Conclusões:Portanto, concluiu-se que as modificações feitas nos regulamentos destinam-se a salvaguardar a saúde dos atletas e garantir que a competição se desenvolva no seu melhor aspecto artístico e técnico.


RESUMENIntroducción:La gimnasia aeróbica desde su pertenencia a la Federación Internacional de Gimnasia ha sufrido cam-bios en su reglamentación.Objetivo:Analizar las lesiones que los deportistas españoles de gimnasia aeróbica presentaron durante las diferentes ediciones del Código de Puntuación.Métodos:Se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y comparativo sobre la epidemiología de las lesiones en la gimnasia aeróbica publicado durante las diferentes ediciones del Código de Puntuación.Resultados:El estudio destaca la disminución del número de lesiones, de 156 a 38 en el último año. Esta disminución ha tenido relación con la restricción del número de dificultades en el ejercicio y la cantidad de elementos a realizar en el suelo. Sin embargo, han aumentado el número y el valor de las dificultades.Conclusiones:Por tanto, han concluido que las modificaciones que se realizan en la reglamentación tienen como objetivo velar por la salud de los deportistas y garantizar que la competición se desarrolle en su máximo esplendor artístico y técnico.

5.
Int. j. morphol ; 33(3): 996-1001, Sept. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-762576

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los índices de proporcionalidad y la composición corporal de la Gimnasia Acrobática estableciéndose una diferenciación en función del rol. La muestra fue compuesta por 150 gimnastas de toda España. Se realizó el análisis y la comparación de los diferentes índices de proporcionalidad y la composición corporal en ambos grupos (ágiles y portores). El porcentaje de grasa fue significativamente (p<0,001) superior en los portores (15,1% de grasa), mientras que el porcentaje óseo fue mayor en los ágiles (19,82%). En cuanto a los índices de proporcionalidad no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambos roles. Se aprecian diferencias significativas en relación al porcentaje de grasa y óseo entre los ágiles y los portores, siendo el porcentaje graso inferior en los ágiles y el óseo inferior en los portores. Ambos grupos se caracterizan por tener extremidades superiores cortas, siendo las inferiores largas en los ágiles e intermedias en los portores. Ambos roles presentan un tronco intermedio y de forma intermedia.


The study is aimed at determining the proportionality indices and body composition in Acrobatic Gymnastics, establishing a differentiation according to the role to be performed. The sample consisted of 150 gymnasts from throughout Spain. Several proportionality indices and the body composition were analyzed in both groups (tops and bases). A comparative analysis between groups was also carried out. The percentage of body fat was significantly (p<0.001) higher in the bases (15.1% fat), whereas the percentage of bone mass was higher in the tops (19.82%). Regarding the proportionality indices, there were no significant differences between the two roles. However, significant differences were observed with respect to the percentage of body fat and bone mass between the tops and bases, the percentage of body fat being lower in the tops and that of bone mass being lower in the bases. Tops and bases are characterized by short upper limbs; however, tops present long lower limbs, whereas bases have intermediate lower limbs. Both roles present an intermediate trunk, of intermediate shape.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Anthropometry , Body Composition , Gymnastics
6.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 19(5): 355-358, set.-out. 2013. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-696052

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A ginástica aeróbica (GA) é uma disciplina que possui exigências físicas específicas e treinamento adequado para prevenir ou minimizar a ocorrência de lesões esportivas. OBJETIVO: Analisar a incidência de lesões na GA e a sua vinculação com fatores de treinamento MÉTODO: Realizou-se um estudo em 40 desportistas valencianos com idades compreendidas entre nove e 17 anos. O procedimento de coleta de informações foi através de um questionário de morbidade. A variável dependente foram as lesões durante a temporada 2009-2010 e as variáveis independentes principais foram a carga de treinamento, o material de proteção, superfície de treinamento, gesto técnico e tipo de lesão e zona corporal lesionada. RESULTADOS: As lesões mais reincidentes foram as relacionadas a ligamentos, afetando por igual os membros superior e inferior. A metade das lesões ocorreu após a realização dos saltos, apesar do uso de algum material de proteção, além de terem ocorrido no início da temporada. Relações significativas entre o número de lesões e a experiência, os dias de treinamento e o número de competições (p < 0,05) foram encontradas. CONCLUSÕES: O número de lesões diminuiu enquanto o uso de medidas de proteção, com destaque para as munhequeiras, aumentou. Metade das lesões produziu-se durante o período de aprendizagem técnica de dificuldades.


INTRODUCTION: Aerobic Gymnastics (GA) is a gymnastic discipline that requires specific physical needs and proper training to prevent or minimize the occurrence of sports injuries. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the incidence of injuries in the GA and its relationship with training factors. METHODS: A study with 40 Valencian athletes aged between 9 and 17 years was performed. Data was collected through a questionnaire of morbidity. The dependent variable was the injuries during the 2009-2010 season and the main independent variables were the training load, the protective equipment, training surface, technical movements and type of injury and body part injured. RESULTS: The most recurrent injuries were the ones related to ligaments, affecting both the upper and lower limbs. Half of the injuries occurred after performing jumps, despite the use of protective equipment and took place at the beginning of the season. Significant correlation was found between the number of injuries and the experience, training days and number of competitions (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: the number of injuries has decreased and the use of protective equipment has increased, with special attention to wristbands. Half of the injuries occurred during the learning period of technical difficulties.

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